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Glass fiber: an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance
Glass fiber (English name: glass fiber or fiberglass) is an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance. It is made of pyrophyllite, quartz sand, limestone, dolomite, calcite, magnesia and other minerals as the main raw materials, and is made through high-temperature melting, wire drawing, winding, weaving and other processes. This material has many advantages, such as strong heat resistance, good corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, etc., but it also has some disadvantages, such as brittleness and poor wear resistance.

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Preparation and characteristics of glass fiber
The preparation process of glass fiber mainly includes raw material preparation, high-temperature melting, wire drawing and other steps. At high temperature, the raw material is melted into glass liquid, and then it is drawn into extremely fine fibers through a special wire drawing device. The single filament diameter of these fibers is usually between a few microns and more than twenty microns, which is equivalent to a few to several tens of a hair.

Glass fiber has many characteristics, the most notable of which are its heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Glass fiber has a high melting point, is not easy to burn, and has a low thermal conductivity, so it is often used as a material for making fireproof tools. At the same time, it has good tolerance to a variety of chemicals, is almost unaffected by organic solvents, and is stable to most inorganic compounds.

2. Classification and application of glass fiber
   There are many types of glass fibers, which can be classified according to different classification standards. According to the glass composition, there are mainly alkali-free glass (E glass), medium alkali glass (C glass) and high alkali glass (A glass). Among them, alkali-free glass has excellent chemical stability and electrical insulation properties and is the most widely used one.

The application field of glass fiber is very wide. It is usually used as a reinforcing material in composite materials, which can significantly improve the strength and rigidity of composite materials. In addition, it is also used as an electrical insulation material and thermal insulation material, and has a wide range of applications in the electrical industry and building materials. In the field of transportation, glass fiber is also used to manufacture parts for vehicles such as automobiles, ships, and aircraft to reduce weight and improve performance.

3. Production process and development trend of glass fiber
   The production process of glass fiber mainly includes crucible drawing method and pool kiln drawing method. The crucible drawing method has many processes, high energy consumption, and unstable molding process, so it has gradually been eliminated by large glass fiber manufacturers. The pool kiln drawing method has simple procedures, energy saving and consumption reduction, stable molding, and high efficiency, and has become the mainstream production process.

With the advancement of science and technology and the changing needs of people, the production process and application fields of glass fiber are also constantly expanding. In the future, glass fiber will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, and at the same time, its application fields will be more extensive and in-depth. For example, in the field of environmental protection, filter materials made of glass fiber can be used in air purification, water treatment, etc.; in the field of science and technology and national defense, glass fiber is widely used in aerospace industry, weapons and communications industry, etc. due to its good instantaneous high temperature resistance and ablation resistance.

4. Precautions for using glass fiber
   When using glass fiber, you need to pay attention to the following points:

Wear personal protective equipment: When installing or handling glass fiber products, be sure to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, masks or respirators, goggles and long-sleeved clothing, etc., to prevent fibers from irritating the skin and respiratory tract.
Keep the working environment ventilated: ensure good air circulation in the working area to reduce the concentration of suspended fibers in the air.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions: strictly follow the product instructions for cutting, laying and other operations to ensure that the product is correctly installed and performs optimally.
Properly handle waste materials: waste fiberglass materials should be properly disposed of in accordance with local environmental protection regulations to avoid pollution to the environment.
In summary, fiberglass, as an inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance, has a wide range of applications in many fields. With the advancement of technology and the continuous changes in people’s needs, the application of fiberglass will become more extensive and in-depth. At the same time, when using fiberglass, you also need to pay attention to relevant safety issues and environmental protection requirements.